(LUXEMBOURG) – While confirming positive results in previous years, EU agencies need to tighten up financial management, especially in the way they conduct public procurement, EU auditors said in a report Wednesday.
The European Court of Auditors (ECA) signed off the 2018 accounts of all 41 EU agencies as ‘reliable’. In this year’s report, the auditors also gave all agencies a clean bill of health as regards their income and spending – except for the European Asylum Support Office (EASO), due to continuing issues affecting its payments.
However, the ECA makes clear that the agencies need to further improve financial management in different respects, and especially the way they conduct public procurement, if they are to fully comply with the rules and ensure best value for money.
EU agencies carry out specific technical, scientific or managerial tasks that help the EU institutions design and implement policies in areas such as health, safety, security, freedom and justice. They are located in different Member States and employ some 11,400 people – a fifth of all EU staff. Their total 2018 budget amounted to 4.2 billion (a 20% increase on 2017), which is equivalent to about 2.9% of the total EU general budget.
The auditors issued a clean opinion on the 2018 accounts of all 41 agencies audited. They also gave a clean opinion on the legality and regularity of the agencies’ revenue and payment operations, except for EASO, which received a qualified opinion (though no longer an adverse one) on payments.
While the ECA said EASO, which provides support to Member States – currently mainly Italy and Greece – in the context of the migration crisis, had taken ‘concrete and positive steps to improve its governance, the auditors again found irregularities in a major procurement in 2018, which shows that the corrective actions have still not taken full effect. In addition, EASO’s staffing situation, not least its vacant managerial posts in administration, raises particular concern. Also, lacking a sufficient number of experts provided by the Member States, EASO delegated core tasks to economic operators to the extent that it became critically dependent on them. This caused a permanent business continuity risk in a sensitive area that is key for the effective management of migrant flows to Europe.
The auditors warn of possible decreases in revenue for the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the European Banking Authority (EBA), both of which were previously based in London, and the agencies in the field of insurance and pensions supervision (EIOPA) and securities markets (ESMA), as a result of the UK’s decision to withdraw from the EU. They also emphasise the fact that European Border and Coast Guard Agency’s (Frontex) checks on financing agreements with cooperating countries are not yet fully effective. Furthermore, in relation to ESMA and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), they draw attention to the importance of basing fee calculations on accurate information.
Public procurement remains one of the most error-prone areas in the agencies’ financial management. The auditors identified various weaknesses, including use of inappropriate award criteria, acceptance of abnormally low bids and use of negotiation instead of more competitive procedures. The auditors encourage the agencies to use joint procurement to achieve efficiency gains and economies of scale. At the same time, they advise agencies to use framework contracts that are specific enough to allow fair competition. They also warn against excessive dependency on contractors, consultants and temporary workers, which some agencies may use to compensate for shortages of their own statutory employees. In addition, they emphasise that the agencies should pay attention to cost efficiency and legal requirements when using such staff.
Most agencies do not implement big spending programmes, but deal with technical or regulatory tasks. Except for the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO, the Community Plant Variety Office (CPVO) and the Single Resolution Board (SRB), which are self-financed and report to their own internal boards, most agencies are financed almost entirely by the EU budget and have their accounts annually approved by the European Parliament.
